What system provides a standardized procedure to prevent improper system operation when a component or system is isolated?

The correct choice is the Lockout/Tagout system, which is specifically designed to ensure that dangerous machines and equipment are properly shut off and not able to be started up again until maintenance or servicing is completed. This system prevents accidental or unauthorized operation when a component or system has been isolated for safety reasons.

Lockout/Tagout involves the use of padlocks, tags, or other devices to indicate that equipment is not to be operated, effectively communicating to all personnel the need to keep the equipment in a safe state until the maintenance or repair work is finished. This is critical on a ship where various systems may be operating close together, and the consequences of an accidental start-up can be severe.

While communications protocols, tag out/tag in systems, and safety management systems play important roles in operational safety, they do not specifically address the isolation, lockout, and tagging of equipment to prevent improper operation during maintenance or servicing activities. These aspects make the Lockout/Tagout system the most relevant and effective choice in this context.